"Christians Wrong About Heaven, Says Bishop"

This article from TIME is a picture of Christianity and Heaven that I can get behind.

Here.

Book title reference is Surprised by Hope by N.T. Wright (HarperOne) here

Maxwell's Demon

"... if we conceive of a being whose faculties are so sharpened that he can follow every molecule in its course, such a being, whose attributes are as essentially finite as our own, would be able to do what is impossible to us. For we have seen that molecules in a vessel full of air at uniform temperature are moving with velocities by no means uniform, though the mean velocity of any great number of them, arbitrarily selected, is almost exactly uniform. Now let us suppose that such a vessel is divided into two portions, A and B, by a division in which there is a small hole, and that a being, who can see the individual molecules, opens and closes this hole, so as to allow only the swifter molecules to pass from A to B, and only the slower molecules to pass from B to A. He will thus, without expenditure of work, raise the temperature of B and lower that of A, in contradiction to the second law of thermodynamics."

- James Clerk Maxwell.

(1831-1879)

This is a hypothetical put forward to explain how the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics could be broken. The idea is that there are two vats of a fluid sitting side by side and connected by a door. Both vats of fluid (or whatever) are equal temperature and a demon (or some other omniscient thing) is controlling the door. Since temperature is a measurement of average molecule speed, some molecules in each vat are moving faster than others. The theoretical demon would allow all the faster-than-average molecules to pass through the door from one vat and into the other and, as each molecule passes through, the average temperature of the receiving vat must increase.

Wikipedia - Maxwell's Demon, James Clerk Maxwell